Table 3: Artificial Lift selection guidelines for producing hydrocarbons [10,11].
|
Rod pump |
Progressive cavity |
Gas lift |
Plunger lift |
Hydraulic piston |
Hydraulic Jet |
Electric Submersible |
Operating depth (ft) |
To 16,000 TVD |
To 6,000 TVD |
To 15,000 TVD |
To 19,000 TVD |
To 17,000 TVD |
To 15,000 TVD |
To 15,000 TVD |
Operating volume (bbl/d) |
To 5000 |
To 4,500 |
To 30,000 |
To 50 |
50 - 4,000 |
300-15,000 |
200-30,000 |
Operating temperature (°F) |
100/500 |
75/250 |
100/400 |
120/500 |
100/500 |
100/500 |
100/400 |
Corrosion handling |
Good to excellent |
fair |
Good to excellent |
Excellent |
Good |
Excellent |
Good |
Gas handling |
Fair to good |
Fair |
Excellent |
Excellent |
Fair |
Good |
Poor to fair |
Sand handling |
Fair |
fair |
Excellent |
Poor |
Fair |
Fair |
Fair |
Paraffin handling |
Poor |
excellent |
Poor |
Poor |
Good |
Good |
Good |
Fluid gravity |
> 8° API |
> 35° API |
> 35° API |
GLR required 300 scf/bbl/1000 ft depth |
> 8° API |
> 8° API |
> 10° API |
Crooked hole |
Poor |
Fair |
Good |
poor |
Good |
Good |
Fair |
Casing size |
Fair |
Fair |
Good |
Good |
Fair |
Fair |
Good |
Servicing |
Workover or pulling rig |
Workover or pulling rig |
Wireline or workover |
Wellhead catcher or wireline |
Hydraulic or wireline |
Hydraulic or wireline |
Workover or pulling rig |
Prime mover |
Gas engine or electric |
Gas engine or electric |
compressor |
Well’s natural energy |
Gas engine or electric |
Gas engine or electric |
Electric motor |
Offshore application |
Limited |
Good |
Excellent |
N/A |
good |
excellent |
excellent |
Overall system efficiency |
40-60% |
40-70% |
10-30% |
N/A |
45-55% |
10-30% |
35-60% |